Protective and risk-mitigating indicators
Risk-mitigating indicators are important for identifying positive changes in persons, both at a specific point in time and over a continuum of time.
This domain of the VERA-2R identifies risk-mitigating indicators. Since radicalization to extremist violence is a dynamic process, there are changes expected in (de)radicalization and (dis)engagement over time (Horgan, 2008; Bjørgo & Horgan, 2009).
Disengagement from terrorism might be due to psychological or emotional issues and/or physical external reasons due to imprisonment, ‘other role’ activity or dismissal from the group (Horgan, Altier, Shortland, & Taylor, 2016; Horgan, Taylor, Bloom, & Winter, 2017).
These indicators are also important for identifying program objectives and for measuring the results of intervention programs with repeated risk assessments.
P1 Reinterpretation of the ideology
P2 Rejection of violence as a means to achieve goals
P3 Change in concept of the enemy
P4 Participant in programmes against violent extremism
P5 Support from the community for non-violence
P6 Support from family members, other important persons for non-violence