The VERA-2R uses the structured professional judgment (SPJ) methodology to provide information about the nature of and severity of violent extremist actions of an individual. The SPJ approach is the most appropriate methodology for risk assessment and risk management of violent extremists. It offers the best potential for evidence-based, proportionate, transparent, and accountable practice (Pressman, 2009, Monahan, 2012; Borum, 2015; Sarma, 2017; Logan, 2017).
The SPJ approach is a combination of empirical knowledge and professional judgment (Hart & Logan, 2011; Douglas et al., 2013). The SPJ approach requires the assessor to identify a risk evaluation by consider¬ing a defined set of relevant risk factors using an evidence base and a pre-established rating system with evidence based and clearly defined definitions. The evaluator considers both the presence and relevance of risk factors for the individuals being assessed (Logan, 2014). Different risk scenarios can be considered and risk management planning for each of these scenarios may be undertaken.
The best practice of the SPJ-structure includes the following 6 steps:
1. Systematic and structured weighing of risk indicators;
2. Evaluating the severity of risk and protective indicators, and reaching consensus;
3. Formulation of risk with the relevant risk indicators;
4. Formulation of risk scenarios;
5. Formulation of risk management strategies; and
6. Final judgment of the risk of violence with advice about future risk assessments and the need for monitoring or supervision of risk change.